Dot

A dot can be considered the beginning of the elements. A dot marks the beginning and the end of a line. Artists have also used the dot in their painting techniques, such as Pointillism, a painting method developed by the French artist Seurat.

Line

An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Lines may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract.

Shape

The space enclosed by a line is called a shape. Shapes are two-dimensional, i.e. they are flat.

Shapes with straight lines and edges are geometric shapes and shapes with curved edges are organic shapes.

Form

An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width and depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free flowing. Artists can create the illusion of form or three-dimensionality on a flat surface. This illusion is created by adding different tones to their drawing or painting.

Value

The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray. In Design  Shading is the application of tonal value.

Space

It is the area where we put elements of art, also it is an element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

Color

color is what the eye sees when light is reflected off an object.

Painters mix different colors and make different tones of the one color.

The three colors that they can’t make are the primary colors (red, yellow and blue).

The secondary colors (orange, green and purple) are created by mixing the primary colors:

Red + Yellow = Orange

Yellow + Blue = Green

Blue + Red = Purple

Tertiary colors are made when a color moves towards the color of its neighbor on the color wheel or in the color spectrum, e.g. a yellow-orange or a red-orange, a yellow-green or a blue-green.

The complementary colors are colors that complement each other. They appear very vibrant when placed next to one another. They are also referred to as contrasting colors. They are: red and green, yellow and purple, blue and orange.

Note:
- Black is not a color. It is the absence of color
- There is no such thing as pure white as white reflects the colors around it.    

 COLORS are made up of three properties: hue, value,and intensity.

• Hue: name of color

• Value: hue’s lightness and darkness (a color’s value

changes when white or black is added)

• Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high intensity= color is strong and bright; low intensity= color is faint and dull)

Texture

Texture refers to how something feels, e.g. hairy, soft, spiky etc. Texture can be created or added to a form, which is tactile texture.

Visual texture is the illusion of texture. Artists create visual texture by adding tone and by using different lines (mark making).